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Former NFL Player Proves a Maths Conjecture — episode cover art
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NFL球员不打球了,去解数学难题

Former NFL Player Proves a Maths Conjecture

About this story

HSK 1-3 Chinese listening. Former NFL player John Urschel becomes a mathematician and proves a longstanding conjecture about random matrices.

This is an HSK 3-4 Chinese listening episode that runs about 2 minutes. The full Mandarin script is shown with tap-for-pinyin and a line-by-line English translation, so you can listen and read at once — comprehensible input in the sense of Stephen Krashen's i+1 theory. It teaches 12 key vocabulary words such as 学习、工作、喜欢 and walks through 4 grammar patterns, each explained in English with examples. The same news story is retold at 4 difficulty levels — use the level selector above to find the version that is challenging but still understandable for you.

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原文

Read the complete story in Chinese. Reveal pinyin and English only when you need them.

以前打职业橄榄球的人,现在成了数学老师,还证明了一个多年的猜想。
他叫约翰·厄舍尔,在巴尔的摩乌鸦队,打过三年球。
不过,他上大学时,已经很喜欢数学,成为职业球员前,就拿到了硕士学位。
后来,他去麻省理工学院学习数学,一边学习,一边打球。
两个工作,都要很多时间,他没有时间陪女朋友,后来觉得这个决定不好。
在二〇一七年,他不再打职业球,要专心学习数学。
四年后,他得到了博士学位,又过两年,在麻省理工学院做数学教授。
最近,他证明了一个关于随机矩阵的猜想,猜想是数学家觉得对,却还没有证明的想法。
矩阵是数字排成的表,随机矩阵,就是表里的数字随机取。
计算机用一种解方程的方法,叫高斯消元法,这时,表里的数字会改变。
有一个多年的猜想说,对于一类随机矩阵,用一种常见的方法选步骤,数字很少会变得特别大。
厄舍尔给出了证明,把这件事为什么对,写成了可以检查的论文。
论文也提到,人工智能模型给过帮助,但是他没有因此失去对数学的兴趣。
他说,他还是想知道,事情为什么是这样。
如果你很喜欢学习,可是工作也要很多时间,你会为学习放下什么?
English transcript reference

A person who used to play professional football has now become a maths teacher, and he has also proved a conjecture that stood for many years.

His name is John Urschel; he played for the Baltimore Ravens for three years.

However, when he was at university he already loved maths, and before becoming a professional player he had already earned a master's degree.

Later, he went to MIT to study maths, studying and playing ball at the same time.

Both jobs took a lot of time, he had no time to spend with his girlfriend, and later he felt this decision was not a good one.

In 2017, he stopped playing professional ball in order to focus on studying maths.

Four years later, he received his doctorate, and two years after that he became a maths professor at MIT.

Recently, he proved a conjecture about random matrices; a conjecture is an idea that mathematicians believe is true but have not yet proved.

A matrix is a table made of numbers; a random matrix is one where the numbers in the table are chosen at random.

Computers use a method for solving equations called Gaussian elimination; when they do, the numbers in the table change.

A conjecture that has stood for many years says that for one class of random matrices, if you choose the steps using a common method, the numbers will rarely become especially large.

Urschel provided a proof, writing up why this is true as a paper that can be checked.

The paper also mentions that AI models gave some help, but he did not lose his interest in maths because of this.

He says he still wants to know why things are the way they are.

If you really love learning, but your work also takes a lot of time, what would you give up for learning?

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Try it without the transcript and notice what sounds clearer.

What vocabulary does this episode teach?

词汇
xuéxíto study; to learn

HSK 3. A verb-object compound used throughout the script: 学习数学 (study maths), 专心学习 (focus on studying).

gōngzuòwork; job

HSK 3. Used as a noun here: 两个工作 (two jobs). Also common as a verb, 他在大学工作.

xǐhuanto like

HSK 3. 很喜欢数学 (like maths very much). Can take a verb phrase: 喜欢学习.

juédeto feel; to think

HSK 3. Introduces an opinion: 觉得这个决定不好 (felt this decision was not good).

fāngfǎmethod; way

HSK 3. 一种解方程的方法 (a method for solving equations); 用一种常见的方法 (use a common method).

bāngzhùto help; help

HSK 3. 给过帮助 (gave help). Also a noun: 谢谢你的帮助.

xìngqùinterest

HSK 3. 对数学的兴趣 (interest in maths); 失去对数学的兴趣 (lose interest in maths).

gǎibiànto change

HSK 3. 数字会改变 (the numbers will change). Often takes an object: 改变想法.

juédìngdecision; to decide

HSK 3. 这个决定不好 (this decision was not good). Also a verb: 他决定不打球了.

cāixiǎngconjecture; to conjecture

Beyond HSK 3. A maths term: an idea believed true but not yet proved. 证明了一个猜想 (proved a conjecture).

suíjī jǔzhènrandom matrix

Beyond HSK 3. 随机 (random) + 矩阵 (matrix). 关于随机矩阵的猜想 (a conjecture about random matrices).

Gāosī xiāoyuánfǎGaussian elimination

Beyond HSK 3. A method for solving equations, named after Gauss (高斯). 计算机用高斯消元法解方程.

* beyond level超纲词

What grammar patterns appear in this episode?

语法

以前 + Verb Phrase + 的人,现在成了 + Noun

Describes someone's past role contrasted with their present one, using 以前 (previously) and 成了 (became).

以前打职业橄榄球的人,现在成了数学老师,还证明了一个多年的猜想。

一边 + Verb1,一边 + Verb2

Expresses doing two actions at the same time: 'while doing A, also doing B'.

后来,他去麻省理工学院学习数学,一边学习,一边打球。

在 + Time + 不再 + Verb

States that from a certain time onward someone no longer does something; 不再 means 'no longer'.

在二〇一七年,他不再打职业球,要专心学习数学。

是 + Noun + 排成的 + Noun

Defines something by how it is made: 'X is a Y formed/arranged from Z', using the 是…的 structure with 排成 (arranged into).

矩阵是数字排成的表,随机矩阵,就是表里的数字随机取。

Proper nouns

专有名词
约翰·厄舍尔Yuēhàn Èshè'ěrJohn Urschel巴尔的摩乌鸦队Bā'ěrdìmó WūyāduìBaltimore Ravens麻省理工学院Máshěng Lǐgōng XuéyuànMIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)高斯消元法Gāosī xiāoyuánfǎGaussian elimination

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