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Oil Above $100 as Hormuz Crisis Deepens — episode cover art
9:47

油价破百与霍尔木兹海峡危机

Oil Above $100 as Hormuz Crisis Deepens

About this story

Oil breaks $100 as Iran controls the Strait of Hormuz — how the crisis hits the US, Europe, China, and the world economy. HSK 3 Chinese listening practice.

This is an HSK 3-4 Chinese listening episode that runs about 10 minutes. The full Mandarin script is shown with tap-for-pinyin and a line-by-line English translation, so you can listen and read at once — comprehensible input in the sense of Stephen Krashen's i+1 theory. It teaches 17 key vocabulary words such as 价格、控制、经过 and walks through 5 grammar patterns, each explained in English with examples. The same news story is retold at 4 difficulty levels — use the level selector above to find the version that is challenging but still understandable for you.

Read at your level

原文

Read the complete story in Chinese. Reveal pinyin and English only when you need them.

说到最近的石油价格,我们来看看发生什么了。
现在一桶石油的价格已经超过一百美元了。
在世界上,这是一个非常高的价格。
为什么现在的石油会变得这么贵呢?
主要因为伊朗控制了霍尔木兹海峡。
很多人可能不太懂这是什么意思。
我们今天就来好好聊一聊这件事。
首先我们要知道,石油对我们有多重要。
如果你有一辆汽车,你每天都需要加油。
如果汽油的价格变高了,你就要花更多的钱。
一百美元一桶石油,比以前贵了很多。
在以前,一桶石油可能只要六七十美元。
因为石油变贵了,所以很多东西都变贵了。
不但开车变贵了,而且买东西也变贵了。
因为送货的卡车也需要用很贵的汽油。
这就是为什么大家都很关心石油的价格。
那么霍尔木兹海峡到底是一个什么地方呢?
它是一条非常窄但是非常重要的海路。
这个海峡在很远的中东地区。
世界上很多石油都在中东的国家里。
这些中东国家把石油卖给别的国家。
他们怎么把这么多的石油送过去呢?
他们必须用非常大的船来运这些石油。
这些大船必须经过霍尔木兹海峡。
你可以把它想成一条很窄的海上马路。
虽然这条马路很窄,但是非常重要。
世界上差不多五分之一的石油要从这里经过。
如果这条马路被堵住了,石油就出不去了。
其他国家就买不到他们需要的石油了。
这就像你每天上班必须走的一条大路。
如果这条路坏了,你就不能去公司上班了。
现在的问题是,伊朗就在这条马路旁边。
伊朗是一个非常大的中东国家。
最近伊朗和一些西方国家发生了一些问题。
他们之间有很多非常不高兴的事情。
所以伊朗说,他们要控制这个重要的海峡。
伊朗派了很多军舰去那个地方。
他们把一些重要的路口都挡住了。
他们告诉别的国家,不要随便把船开进来。
如果别的国家的船想过去,就会觉得很害怕。
因为伊朗可能会把他们的运油船拦下来。
这让很多卖石油的老板觉得非常担心。
他们觉得自己的大船现在很不安全。
如果船被抓了,他们就会损失很多钱。
所以有些大船现在就不敢从那里走了。
因为很多船不敢走,市场上的石油就变少了。
这是一个非常简单的经济学道理。
需要买石油的人还是和以前一样多。
但是真正能卖出来的石油却变少了。
如果东西变少了,它的价格就会变高。
这就是为什么现在的油价超过了一百美元。
大家都怕明天会买不到需要的石油。
所以大家现在都拿着钱抢着买石油。
越是大家抢着买,石油的价格就越是往上涨。
一百美元一桶,真的让很多国家觉得受不了。
如果伊朗一直控制这个海峡,价格还会更高。
有些人说油价可能会涨到一百五十美元。
如果真的到了那个价格,世界的问题就更大了。
这件事情对全世界都有非常大的影响。
不仅是对美国和欧洲,对亚洲的影响也很大。
比如日本和韩国,他们自己几乎没有石油。
他们用的石油几乎全都是从外面买来的。
如果石油一直这么贵,他们的工厂就要多花钱。
工厂花钱多了,做出来的东西就会变贵。
最后还是普通的买东西的人来付钱。
买衣服、买吃的、买用的,全都会涨价。
这会让人们的生活变得越来越困难。
很多做生意的人现在都觉得很头疼。
他们不知道接下来还会发生什么坏事。
他们不敢做新的计划,也不敢多花钱。
这对我们中国又有什么样的影响呢?
中国是一个非常大而且发展很快的国家。
我们有很多很大的工厂,也有很多汽车。
所以我们每天都需要用非常多的石油。
虽然中国自己也生产一些石油,但是不够用。
我们有很大一部分石油是从中东买来的。
这些石油也必须经过霍尔木兹海峡。
如果伊朗把海峡封锁了,我们的船也回不来。
这会让中国的石油价格也跟着涨起来。
大家去加油站的时候,就会发现油价又贵了。
而且如果工厂的成本高了,东西也会变贵。
所以中国也非常关心这件事情的发展。
我们希望他们能坐下来好好谈一谈。
大家都觉得,不要用打架的方法来解决问题。
现在其他国家都在做些什么事情呢?
美国和欧洲的国家对这件事非常生气。
他们告诉伊朗,绝对不能这么做。
美国甚至派了自己的军舰去那个海峡。
他们想保护那些运送石油的商船。
他们说,如果伊朗敢打这些船,他们就会还手。
这让那个地方变得非常紧张和危险。
大家都怕他们真的会在海上打起来。
如果真的打仗了,那就不是一百美元的事情了。
那个海峡可能真的会被完全关掉。
这是世界上所有人都不想看到的结果。
因为打仗对任何一个国家都没有好处。
大家都在想办法,看看能不能和平解决。
有些国家在中间帮忙说话,希望大家冷静一点。
因为这件事,很多国家也开始想别的办法。
大家觉得,不能总是依靠中东的石油。
如果总是靠他们,以后还会遇到一样的问题。
所以现在很多国家都在努力做电动车。
如果大家都开电动车,就不需要那么多汽油了。
不但能帮大家省钱,而且对环境也非常好。
除了电动车,还有风能和太阳能可以使用。
这些都是不需要石油的新的能量。
很多聪明的科学家都在努力研究这些新技术。
但是这些新技术还需要很长的时间来发展。
我们不可能明天就把所有的汽车都换掉。
在现在这个时候,我们还是离不开石油。
所以我们还是得面对一百美元的高油价。
我们再回头看看伊朗为什么要这么做。
其实伊朗也是因为觉得自己很不公平。
美国和欧洲以前不让别的国家买伊朗的石油。
他们想用这种方法让伊朗听他们的话。
伊朗觉得自己的国家经济受到了很大的损害。
伊朗的普通人每天也需要赚钱吃饭。
如果别人不买他们的石油,他们就没有钱。
所以伊朗才决定用控制海峡的方法来反击。
他们觉得,既然我不能卖石油,你们也别想好过。
这是一种互相伤害的非常不好的做法。
这种做法让全世界的人都感到很头疼。
但是在伊朗看来,他们觉得没有别的选择。
这是一个非常复杂的国际大问题。
这不是一天两天就能马上解决的事情。
只要他们之间的问题还在,那里就不会安全。
高油价对全球的经济是一个非常大的打击。
现在很多国家的经济本来就不太好。
大家都在努力想办法让经济变好一点。
但是高油价就像一盆冷水,浇在了大家头上。
因为油价变高了,大家手里的钱就变少了。
大家就不太愿意去商店里买别的东西。
商店里的东西卖不出去,商店就会关门。
商店如果关门了,就会有很多人失去工作。
这是一个非常可怕的恶性循环。
所以很多聪明的经济学家都在警告大家。
他们说,如果油价一直这么高的话。
世界的经济可能就会生一场大病。
每天大家都在看着中东的新闻报道。
只要有一点好消息,油价可能就会掉下来一点。
只要有一点坏消息,油价马上就会飞上去。
每天的价格都在变来变去,非常不稳定。
做生意的人每天都在看新闻,心里非常紧张。
他们希望这场石油风波能快点过去。
但是从现在的情况来看,可能还要等很长时间。
English transcript reference

Speaking of recent oil prices, let's see what happened.

Now the price of a barrel of oil has already exceeded 100 US dollars.

In the world, this is a very high price.

Why has oil become so expensive now?

Mainly because Iran has controlled the Strait of Hormuz.

Many people might not quite understand what this means.

Today we are going to have a good talk about this matter.

First we need to know how important oil is to us.

If you have a car, you need to get gas every day.

If the price of gasoline gets higher, you will have to spend more money.

One hundred dollars for a barrel of oil is much more expensive than before.

In the past, a barrel of oil might only cost sixty or seventy dollars.

Because oil has become more expensive, many things have become more expensive.

Not only has driving become more expensive, but buying things has also become more expensive.

Because delivery trucks also need to use very expensive gasoline.

This is why everyone is very concerned about the price of oil.

So what kind of place is the Strait of Hormuz exactly?

It is a very narrow but very important sea route.

This strait is in the faraway Middle East region.

A lot of the world's oil is in Middle Eastern countries.

These Middle Eastern countries sell oil to other countries.

How do they send so much oil over?

They must use very large ships to transport this oil.

These large ships must pass through the Strait of Hormuz.

You can think of it as a very narrow road on the sea.

Although this road is very narrow, it is very important.

Almost one-fifth of the world's oil has to pass through here.

If this road is blocked, the oil cannot get out.

Other countries won't be able to buy the oil they need.

This is like a main road you must take to go to work every day.

If this road is broken, you cannot go to the company to work.

The problem now is that Iran is right next to this road.

Iran is a very large Middle Eastern country.

Recently, some problems occurred between Iran and some Western countries.

There are many very unhappy things between them.

So Iran said they want to control this important strait.

Iran sent many warships to that place.

They blocked some important intersections.

They told other countries not to casually sail ships in.

If ships from other countries want to pass, they will feel very scared.

Because Iran might stop their oil tankers.

This makes many oil-selling bosses feel very worried.

They feel their large ships are very unsafe now.

If the ships are caught, they will lose a lot of money.

So some large ships don't dare to go through there now.

Because many ships don't dare to go, the oil on the market has become less.

This is a very simple economic principle.

There are still as many people needing to buy oil as before.

But the oil that can actually be sold has become less.

If things become fewer, their price will go up.

This is why the current oil price has exceeded one hundred dollars.

Everyone is afraid they won't be able to buy the oil they need tomorrow.

So everyone is now holding money and rushing to buy oil.

The more everyone rushes to buy, the more the price of oil goes up.

One hundred dollars a barrel really makes many countries feel they can't stand it.

If Iran keeps controlling this strait, the price will be even higher.

Some people say the oil price might rise to one hundred and fifty dollars.

If it really reaches that price, the world's problems will be even bigger.

This matter has a very big impact on the whole world.

Not only on the US and Europe, but the impact on Asia is also very big.

For example, Japan and South Korea, they have almost no oil of their own.

The oil they use is almost entirely bought from outside.

If oil remains this expensive, their factories will have to spend more money.

If factories spend more money, the things they make will become more expensive.

In the end, it is still the ordinary shoppers who pay for it.

Buying clothes, buying food, buying daily items, everything will go up in price.

This will make people's lives increasingly difficult.

Many businesspeople are having a big headache now.

They don't know what bad things will happen next.

They don't dare to make new plans, nor do they dare to spend more money.

What kind of impact does this have on our China?

China is a very large and fast-developing country.

We have many very large factories, and also many cars.

So we need to use a huge amount of oil every day.

Although China also produces some oil itself, it is not enough to use.

A very large part of our oil is bought from the Middle East.

This oil must also pass through the Strait of Hormuz.

If Iran blocks the strait, our ships won't be able to come back either.

This will cause China's oil prices to rise along with it.

When people go to the gas station, they will find the gas price is expensive again.

And if factory costs are high, things will also become more expensive.

So China is also very concerned about the development of this matter.

We hope they can sit down and have a good talk.

Everyone feels that fighting should not be used to solve the problem.

What are other countries doing now?

The US and European countries are very angry about this matter.

They told Iran that it absolutely cannot do this.

The US even sent its own warships to that strait.

They want to protect those merchant ships transporting oil.

They said if Iran dares to attack these ships, they will fight back.

This makes that place become very tense and dangerous.

Everyone is afraid they will really start fighting at sea.

If a war really breaks out, then it won't be a matter of one hundred dollars.

That strait might really be completely closed off.

This is a result that no one in the world wants to see.

Because war is of no benefit to any country.

Everyone is thinking of ways to see if it can be resolved peacefully.

Some countries are helping to mediate in the middle, hoping everyone will calm down a bit.

Because of this matter, many countries are also starting to think of other methods.

Everyone feels they cannot always rely on Middle Eastern oil.

If they always rely on them, they will encounter the same problems in the future.

So now many countries are working hard to make electric cars.

If everyone drives electric cars, not so much gasoline will be needed.

Not only can it help everyone save money, but it is also very good for the environment.

Besides electric cars, there is also wind energy and solar energy that can be used.

These are all new energies that do not need oil.

Many smart scientists are working hard to research these new technologies.

But these new technologies still need a long time to develop.

We can't possibly replace all cars by tomorrow.

At this current time, we still cannot do without oil.

So we still have to face the high oil price of one hundred dollars.

Let's look back again at why Iran wants to do this.

Actually, Iran also does it because they feel it is very unfair.

The US and Europe previously did not let other countries buy Iran's oil.

They wanted to use this method to make Iran listen to them.

Iran felt its country's economy suffered huge damage.

Ordinary people in Iran also need to make money to eat every day.

If others don't buy their oil, they will have no money.

So Iran decided to use the method of controlling the strait to fight back.

They felt, since I cannot sell oil, you shouldn't expect to have it easy either.

This is a very bad way of hurting each other.

This approach gives people all over the world a headache.

But from Iran's perspective, they feel they have no other choice.

This is a very complex major international problem.

This is not something that can be solved immediately in a day or two.

As long as the problems between them remain, that place will not be safe.

High oil prices are a very big blow to the global economy.

The economy of many countries is already not very good right now.

Everyone is trying hard to find ways to make the economy a bit better.

But high oil prices are like a basin of cold water poured over everyone's heads.

Because the oil price has gone up, the money in everyone's hands has become less.

People are then less willing to go to stores to buy other things.

If the things in the stores cannot be sold, the stores will close.

If stores close, many people will lose their jobs.

This is a very terrifying vicious cycle.

So many smart economists are warning everyone.

They say, if the oil price stays this high.

The world's economy might fall seriously ill.

Every day everyone is watching the news reports from the Middle East.

As long as there is a bit of good news, the oil price might drop a little.

As long as there is a bit of bad news, the oil price will fly up immediately.

The price changes back and forth every day, being very unstable.

Businesspeople watch the news every day, feeling very nervous in their hearts.

They hope this oil turmoil can pass quickly.

But judging from the current situation, it might still take a long time to wait.

Listen again

Try it without the transcript and notice what sounds clearer.

What vocabulary does this episode teach?

词汇
jiàgéprice

A standard noun for price. Commonly used with verbs like 变高 (to become higher), 上涨 (to rise), or 掉下来 (to drop).

kòngzhìto control

Verb meaning to control or dominate. Used here in the context of controlling a territory or situation.

jīngguòto pass through / to go through

Can be a verb meaning 'to pass by/through' a place, or a noun meaning 'process'. Used here as a verb.

jīngjìeconomy

Noun for economy. Used in expressions like 经济学 (economics) or 经济受到损害 (economy suffered damage).

yǐngxiǎnginfluence / to affect

Can be both a noun and a verb. In the script, it's used as a noun meaning impact or influence (对...有很大的影响).

fāzhǎnto develop / development

Verb or noun referring to growth or development. Used to describe China as a fast-developing country and the development of new tech.

jiějuéto solve / to resolve

Verb used with problems or issues, e.g., 解决问题 (to solve a problem).

yīkàoto rely on / to depend on

Verb meaning to depend on something or someone. Used here as relying on Middle Eastern oil.

fùzácomplicated / complex

Adjective describing something that is not simple. Used to describe the international problem.

shíyóupetroleum / oil

The core topic of the script. Refers specifically to crude oil or petroleum.

hǎixiástrait

A narrow passage of water connecting two larger areas of water. Here it refers to the Strait of Hormuz.

jūnjiànwarship

Military naval vessel. Composed of 军 (military) and 舰 (ship).

fēngsuǒto blockade / to seal off

Verb meaning to close off an area, preventing anything from entering or leaving.

fǎnjīto counterattack / to strike back

Verb used when someone responds to an attack or pressure with their own aggressive action.

tàiyángnéngsolar energy

Noun for solar power. Combines 太阳 (sun) and 能 (energy).

èxìng xúnhuánvicious cycle

A four-character idiom/phrase describing a negative situation that feeds into itself, making things continually worse.

fēngbōcrisis / disturbance / turmoil

Literally 'wind and waves', used metaphorically to mean a crisis or major disturbance.

* beyond level超纲词

What grammar patterns appear in this episode?

语法

不但...而且... (búdàn... érqiě...)

A conjunction pattern meaning 'Not only... but also...'. It connects two clauses that reinforce each other.

不但开车变贵了,而且买东西也变贵了。

不但能帮大家省钱,而且对环境也非常好。

越...越... (yuè... yuè...)

A structure meaning 'The more... the more...'. It indicates that a change in the first action/state causes a proportional change in the second.

越是大家抢着买,石油的价格就越是往上涨。

只要...就... (zhǐyào... jiù...)

A conditional structure meaning 'As long as... then...'. It introduces a sufficient condition for the result to happen.

只要他们之间的问题还在,那里就不会安全。

只要有一点好消息,油价可能就会掉下来一点。

只要有一点坏消息,油价马上就会飞上去。

既然...也... (jìrán... yě... / jìrán... jiù...)

A pattern meaning 'Since... then...'. It is used to draw a conclusion or make a decision based on a stated premise.

他们觉得,既然我不能卖石油,你们也别想好过。

把 (bǎ) Construction

The '把' structure brings the object before the verb to emphasize what is done to the object and the result of the action. Structure: Subject + 把 + Object + Verb + Result/Complement.

这些中东国家把石油卖给别的国家。

你可以把它想成一条很窄的海上马路。

他们把一些重要的路口都挡住了。

因为伊朗可能会把他们的运油船拦下来。

Proper nouns

专有名词
伊朗YīlǎngIran霍尔木兹海峡Huò'ěrmùzī HǎixiáStrait of Hormuz中东ZhōngdōngMiddle East美国MěiguóUnited States欧洲ŌuzhōuEurope亚洲YàzhōuAsia日本RìběnJapan韩国HánguóSouth Korea中国ZhōngguóChina

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