Marathon Sub-2! | Fluentide RadioIntermediateHSK 3-47:27 马拉松破二！
Marathon Sub-2!
Key Vocabulary
词汇chéngjìresult; performance timeHSK 3. Used for race times, exam scores, work performance. 跑出一个成绩 = post a time. 创造好成绩 = produce a great result.
sùdùspeedHSK 3. 速度 = speed. 这样的速度 = this kind of speed. Compare 速 (fast) + 度 (degree).
jìnbùprogress; to make progressHSK 3 noun + verb. 一个非常大的进步 = a very big improvement. Often paired with 取得 (achieve) or 有 (to have).
mèngxiǎngdream; aspirationHSK 3-4. 梦 = dream, 想 = think/want. Specifically a long-held aspiration, not the dream you have when sleeping (那是 做梦).
mùbiāogoal; targetHSK 4 but very common. 目 = eye, 标 = mark. Set a 目标, work toward a 目标. Compare 梦想 (loftier) vs 目标 (more concrete).
jìlùrecord (of an achievement)HSK 4 — written 纪录 (achievement record) is distinct from 记录 (a written log). 世界纪录 = world record. Verbs: 打破/保持纪录.
Grammar Points
语法如果 / 要是 ... 就 ... (conditional)
If-then structure. 如果/要是 introduces the condition; 就 marks the consequence. Either half can sometimes be dropped in spoken Chinese.
X 比 Y + Adjective + (Quantity)
Comparison with quantification. The comparison difference comes after the adjective. 'By how much faster/more/etc.' Watch the position of 还/更.
萨维比基普图姆的纪录还快了一分多钟。
比基普图姆以前的世界纪录还要快。
把她自己保持的纪录又提升了九秒。
不但 ... 还/而且 ... (not only ... but also)
Two-clause structure for adding emphasis. 不但 in the first clause, 还/也/而且 in the second. Stronger than just listing two facts.
因为 / 所以 ... (because/so)
Standard cause-effect connector. Either half alone is fine in spoken Chinese, but the textbook pattern uses both.
所以他没能完成这个梦想。
所以这一次的成功，是很多原因加起来的结果。
所以现在所有的运动员都穿这种鞋。
X 就是 Y (definition / equivalence)
Used to define a term inline. Common in teaching-register Chinese. Compare with 'X 即 Y' (more written/formal).
跑进两个小时，就是体育界的一个梦。
'前所未有'就是以前从来没有过。
'保持者'就是拿着这个纪录的人。
Proper Nouns
专有名词萨维Sà WéiSabbé (Sebastian Sabbé, Kenyan)基普图姆JīpǔtúmǔKiptum (Kelvin Kiptum, deceased Kenyan WR holder)科杰尔查Kē jié ěr cháKojelcha (Ethiopian, 2nd place)基普里莫JīpǔlǐmòKiplimo (Ugandan, 3rd place)阿塞法ĀsàifǎAsefa (Tigist Asefa, women's WR holder)肯尼亚KěnníyàKenya埃塞俄比亚Āisài'ébǐyàEthiopia乌干达WūgāndáUganda伦敦LúndūnLondon
bǎochíto hold; to maintainHSK 4. 保持纪录 = hold the record, 保持冷静 = stay calm. The 保持者 (holder) of a record.
tígāoto raise; to improveHSK 4. 提 = lift; 高 = high. 提高纪录 = improve a record. Often paired with 水平 (level), 成绩, 速度.
fēnxīto analyze; analysisHSK 4. 分 = divide; 析 = take apart. 分析心跳 = analyze heart rate. Both verb and noun.
hùxiāngmutually; each otherHSK 4. Adverb. 互相帮助 = help each other, 互相学习 = learn from each other. Always before the verb.
tūpòto break throughHSK 5. Used for limits, barriers, comfort zones. 突破极限 = break through the limit. The 二 (sub-2) was a 突破.
tánxìngelasticity; springiness弹 = spring/bounce; 性 = quality. Describes both physical springiness (in shoes) and metaphorical flexibility (e.g. 弹性工作时间 = flexible hours).
fǎntánto bounce back; rebound反 = reverse; 弹 = spring. Used for balls, prices, markets. In the episode: shoes 反弹 to push the runner forward.
qiánsuǒwèiyǒuunprecedentedFour-character 成语. 前 (before) + 所未有 (what has not existed). The episode glosses this in-line — listen for the explanation.
yǔnxǔto permit; to allowHSK 4-5. The shoes 是允许的 = are allowed (by World Athletics). Often used in formal/regulatory contexts.
zuòbìto cheat (in tests/games)作 = do/make; 弊 = malpractice. Specifically cheating in tests, sports, or contests — not romantic cheating (that's 出轨).
chēhuòcar accident车 = vehicle; 祸 = disaster. Specifically a car/road accident. 出车祸 = to be in a car accident. Used neutrally for both minor crashes and fatal ones.
把 sentence (disposal/result)
Frontloads the object before the verb so that a result/disposal can follow. Can't have a 把-sentence if the verb has no result.
他把别人都甩在了后面。
把她自己的纪录又提高了九秒。
Topic + 来 + Verb (let me/ let us)
'Let me/us do X.' Used for soft proposals. 我来给你解释 = let me explain it to you. 我们来想一想 = let's think about it.
我来给你解释一下。
我们来想一想。
我们再来说说女子组。
美国
Měiguó
the United States
芝加哥ZhījiāgēChicago
国际田联Guójì TiánliánWorld Athletics (the international track and field federation)
