史上最大 IPO：SpaceX 上市，马斯克成全球首位万亿富翁

一个造火箭的公司，上市了。

A rocket-making company went public.

而且，是历史上最大的一次上市。

And it was the biggest 'going public' in history.

这个公司，你可能也听过。

You might have heard of this company.

它叫 SpaceX。

It's called SpaceX.

是一个美国公司。

It's an American company.

它主要做两件事。

It mainly does two things.

第一，造火箭。

First, it makes rockets.

它的火箭很厉害。

Its rockets are impressive.

可以飞上天，还可以飞回来，再用一次。

They can fly up into the sky, and also fly back, and be used again.

第二，它在天上，放了很多很多小卫星。

Second, it has placed many, many small satellites in the sky.

这些卫星，连在一起。

These satellites are linked together.

可以让全世界的人上网。

They let people all over the world get online.

就算你在大海上，在沙漠里，

Even if you're on the open sea, or in the desert,

旁边什么都没有，

with nothing beside you,

你也能上网。

you can still get online.

这个东西，叫"星链"。

This thing is called 'Starlink'.

所以你看，这个公司做的，

So you see, what this company does

都是听起来很"未来"的事。

are all things that sound very 'future'.

那我们先说一个词，叫"上市"。

Now let's first talk about a word: 'going public'.

上市是什么意思呢？

What does 'going public' mean?

我们慢慢说。

We'll go slowly.

以前，一个公司，是属于几个人的。

Before, a company belonged to a few people.

比如老板，还有一开始出钱的几个人。

For example the boss, and the few people who put in money at the start.

别人就算很有钱，也买不到它的股份。

Others, even if very rich, couldn't buy its shares.

上市，就是这个公司，

Going public is when this company,

第一次把自己的股份，拿出来，公开卖。

for the first time, takes its shares out and sells them openly.

普通人，也可以买了。

Ordinary people can buy them too.

你买了它的股份，

Once you buy its shares,

你就成了这个公司的一个"小股东"。

you become a 'small shareholder' of this company.

公司以后赚了钱，

If the company earns money later,

你也能分到一点。

you can get a little share too.

公司越值钱，你手里的股份，也越值钱。

The more valuable the company, the more valuable your shares.

昨天，SpaceX 就这样上市了。

Yesterday, SpaceX went public just like that.

它的股票，在美国的纳斯达克上市。

Its stock listed on America's Nasdaq.

一开始，定的价格，是一股 135 美元。

At first, the set price was 135 dollars per share.

结果，想买的人太多了。

As it turned out, far too many people wanted to buy.

开盘以后，价格一路往上涨。

After the open, the price rose all the way up.

最高的时候，涨到了 176 美元。

At its highest, it climbed to 176 dollars.

到收盘的时候，停在了 161 美元左右。

By the close, it settled at around 161 dollars.

也就是说，第一天，就涨了差不多 19%。

In other words, on the first day, it rose about 19%.

这次上市，一共卖了多少钱呢？

How much did this listing sell in total?

大概 750 亿美元。

About 75 billion dollars.

这是一个什么概念？

What kind of concept is this?

这是人类历史上，最大的一次 IPO。

This is the biggest IPO in human history.

IPO，就是上市的英文说法。

IPO is the English term for going public.

以前，从来没有一个公司，

Before, no company had ever,

上市的时候，卖到过这么多钱。

when going public, sold this much money's worth.

上市以后，SpaceX 这个公司，

After going public, the company SpaceX

一下子值大概 1.77 万亿美元。

was suddenly worth about 1.77 trillion dollars.

盘中，甚至一度超过了 2 万亿。

Intraday, it even briefly passed 2 trillion.

现在，它已经是美国第六大的上市公司了。

Now, it's already the sixth-largest public company in America.

这件事，还有一个主角。

This event also has a main character.

就是 SpaceX 的老板，马斯克。

That's SpaceX's boss, Musk.

公司上市以后，

After the company went public,

马斯克手里的股份，一下子变得非常值钱。

the shares in Musk's hands suddenly became extremely valuable.

他成了全世界，第一个"万亿富翁"。

He became the world's first 'trillionaire'.

也就是说，他的钱，超过了一万亿美元。

In other words, his money exceeded one trillion dollars.

在他之前，全世界还没有人，

Before him, no one in the world

富到过这个程度。

had ever been rich to this degree.

他是第一个。

He's the first.

这次上市，还有一个很特别的地方。

This listing also has a very special feature.

一般公司上市，

Usually when a company goes public,

留给普通人买的股份，很少。

the shares left for ordinary people to buy are few.

大概只有一成。

About only ten percent.

剩下的，都给了大机构、大基金。

The rest all go to big institutions and big funds.

但是这一次，马斯克说，

But this time, Musk said

要留差不多三成的股份，给普通人。

he'd leave about thirty percent of the shares for ordinary people.

是平时的三倍。

Three times the usual.

也就是说，他想让更多普通人，

In other words, he wants more ordinary people

也能买到一点这个公司。

to be able to buy a little piece of this company too.

最后，我们一起想一想。

Finally, let's think together.

为什么这么多人，抢着买一个造火箭的公司？

Why are so many people scrambling to buy a rocket-making company?

说到底，他们买的不是火箭。

When it comes down to it, what they're buying isn't rockets.

买的是一个"相信"。

What they're buying is a 'belief'.

他们相信：

They believe:

以后，人类去天上的事，会越来越多。

in the future, people going to the sky will happen more and more.

天上，会变成一门巨大的生意。

The sky will become an enormous business.

今天买一点，是赌这个未来会来。

Buying a little today is a bet that this future will come.

当然，未来会不会真的来，

Of course, whether the future will really come,

现在谁也不敢打包票。

no one can guarantee right now.

最后我想问你。

Finally, I want to ask you.

如果你也有一点闲钱，

If you also had a little spare money,

你会去赌一个，

would you bet on a future

你相信的未来吗？

you believe in?

你心里，那个未来，是什么样的？

In your heart, what does that future look like?