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Chinese EVs Beat Tesla on Manufacturing Cost — episode cover art
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为什么中国的电动车比美国的便宜?

Chinese EVs Beat Tesla on Manufacturing Cost

About this story

Why China's BYD electric cars cost less than Tesla — smart factories, cheaper parts, and a race America struggles to win. HSK 2 Chinese listening practice.

This is an HSK 2 Chinese listening episode that runs about 7 minutes. The full Mandarin script is shown with tap-for-pinyin and a line-by-line English translation, so you can listen and read at once — comprehensible input in the sense of Stephen Krashen's i+1 theory. It teaches 15 key vocabulary words such as 便宜、公司、自己 and walks through 5 grammar patterns, each explained in English with examples. The same news story is retold at 4 difficulty levels — use the level selector above to find the version that is challenging but still understandable for you.

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原文

Read the complete story in Chinese. Reveal pinyin and English only when you need them.

说到现在的汽车市场,有一个问题很有意思。
很多人都在问这个问题。
为什么中国的电动车这么便宜?
特别是和美国的电动车比。
我们来看看两个很有名的公司。
一个是中国的比亚迪。
一个是美国的特斯拉。
这两个公司都做电动车。
他们的车都很漂亮。
他们的车都跑得很快。
但是,价格不一样。
比亚迪的车比特斯拉的车便宜很多。
这到底是为什么呢?
是因为中国的车不好吗?
不是的,中国的车也很好。
那是为什么呢?
我们来慢慢聊一聊。
首先,很多人有一个想法。
他们觉得是因为政府给钱。
这是真的吗?
是的,这是真的。
中国政府确实给了公司一些钱。
政府希望大家做电动车。
政府希望大家买电动车。
所以政府会给一些帮助。
但是,这不管用了吗?
这是最重要的原因吗?
其实不是的。
这只是一个小小的原因。
新的研究告诉我们需要看别的。
比如说,一辆车便宜了几千块钱。
只有几百块钱是因为政府。
剩下的钱是因为别的原因。
那别的原因是什么呢?
这是我们要知道的事情。
第一个大原因,是自己做东西。
这是什么意思呢?
我们想一想怎么做一辆车。
车里有很多很多的东西。
有轮子,有椅子,有玻璃。
最重要的东西是电池。
电动车必须要有电池。
电池非常贵。
很多汽车公司不自己做电池。
他们去买别人的电池。
他们去买别人的零件。
当你买别人的东西时,你要给别人钱。
别人也要赚钱。
所以东西就变贵了。
但是比亚迪不一样。
比亚迪自己做很多东西。
比亚迪自己做电池。
比亚迪自己做零件。
他们不需要去外面买。
因为是自己做的,所以便宜。
这就好像做饭一样。
你去饭馆买饭吃,很贵。
你自己在家买菜做饭,很便宜。
这就是比亚迪的方法。
他们自己做,所以省了很多钱。
这是一个非常重要的原因。
比政府给钱更重要。
第二个大原因,是人。
做车需要很多人。
需要很多聪明的工程师。
他们要设计车。
他们要画图。
他们要用电脑工作。
做车还需要很多工人。
他们在工厂里工作。
他们把车做出来。
这些人都需要钱。
公司要给他们发工资。
在美国,工资很高。
美国的工程师要很多钱。
美国的工人也要很多钱。
所以特斯拉要花很多钱在人身上。
但是在中国,情况不一样。
中国的工程师也很聪明。
中国的工人也很努力。
但是中国的工资比美国低。
公司不需要给那么多钱。
虽然工资在涨,但是还是比美国低。
这让做车的成本变低了。
特别是做研究的人。
比亚迪有很多做研究的人。
但是花在每个人身上的钱比较少。
所以,这也是车便宜的一个原因。
因为人便宜,所以车便宜。
第三个大原因,是数量。
数量就是多少的意思。
你做多少辆车?
这是一个数学问题。
如果你只做一辆车,这辆车很贵。
你要准备很多机器。
你要准备很多工厂。
只做一辆,太浪费了。
但是如果你做一百万辆车呢?
机器每天都在工作。
工厂每天都在开。
你做的车越多,每一辆车就越便宜。
这是一个很简单道理。
中国的市场非常大。
中国有很多人。
很多人都要买车。
所以比亚迪做的车非常多。
他们卖的车也非常多。
因为他们做的多,所以便宜。
特斯拉也做很多车。
但是现在比亚迪做的更多。
这让比亚迪更有优势。
所以,我们总结一下。
为什么中国的车比美国的车便宜?
不是因为车不好。
也不是主要因为政府给钱。
虽然政府给了钱,但是那只是一点点。
主要的原因有三个。
第一,他们自己做零件,自己做电池。
这叫垂直整合。
自己做比买别人的便宜。
第二,他们的人便宜。
工程师和工人的工资比美国低。
这帮公司省了很多钱。
第三,他们做的车多。
因为做得多,所以成本低。
这就是为什么比亚迪比特斯拉便宜。
这其实是两个公司的比赛。
一个是中国的公司。
一个是美国的公司。
现在,中国的公司价格更低。
美国的公司觉得很难。
因为美国的公司如果不改变,就很难卖出去。
但是改变也很难。
他们不能马上让工资变低。
他们也不能马上自己做所有零件。
所以,这是一场很难的比赛。
我们刚才说的,其实就是关于“电动车”的故事。
特别是比亚迪和特斯拉的故事。
如果你想买车,你会发现价格真的不同。
这就是价格背后的秘密。
希望你现在清楚了。
这不仅仅是钱的问题。
这也是关于怎么做生意的问题。
也是关于怎么做东西的问题。
English transcript reference

Speaking of the current car market, there is a very interesting question.

Many people are asking this question.

Why are Chinese electric cars so cheap?

Especially when compared to American electric cars.

Let's look at two very famous companies.

One is China's BYD.

One is America's Tesla.

Both of these companies make electric cars.

Their cars are all very beautiful.

Their cars all run very fast.

However, the prices are different.

BYD's cars are much cheaper than Tesla's cars.

Why on earth is this?

Is it because Chinese cars are bad?

No, Chinese cars are also very good.

Then why is it?

Let's chat about it slowly.

First, many people have an idea.

They think it is because the government gives money.

Is this true?

Yes, this is true.

The Chinese government indeed gave companies some money.

The government hopes everyone makes electric cars.

The government hopes everyone buys electric cars.

So the government will give some help.

But, does this explain it all?

Is this the most important reason?

Actually, it is not.

This is just a tiny reason.

New research tells us we need to look at other things.

For example, if a car is cheaper by a few thousand yuan.

Only a few hundred yuan is because of the government.

The remaining money is because of other reasons.

Then what are the other reasons?

This is the thing we need to know.

The first big reason is making things themselves.

What does this mean?

Let's think about how to make a car.

There are many, many things inside a car.

There are wheels, there are seats, there is glass.

The most important thing is the battery.

Electric cars must have batteries.

Batteries are very expensive.

Many car companies do not make batteries themselves.

They go to buy other people's batteries.

They go to buy other people's parts.

When you buy other people's things, you have to give other people money.

Others also want to make money.

So things become expensive.

But BYD is different.

BYD makes many things themselves.

BYD makes batteries themselves.

BYD makes parts themselves.

They do not need to go outside to buy.

Because it is made by themselves, it is cheap.

This is just like cooking.

You go to a restaurant to buy food to eat, it is very expensive.

You buy groceries and cook at home yourself, it is very cheap.

This is BYD's method.

They make it themselves, so they save a lot of money.

This is a very important reason.

More important than the government giving money.

The second big reason is people.

Making cars needs many people.

Needs many smart engineers.

They have to design the car.

They have to draw plans.

They have to work using computers.

Making cars also needs many workers.

They work inside factories.

They build the cars.

These people all need money.

The company has to pay them wages.

In the United States, wages are very high.

American engineers want a lot of money.

American workers also want a lot of money.

So Tesla has to spend a lot of money on people.

But in China, the situation is different.

Chinese engineers are also very smart.

Chinese workers are also very hardworking.

But Chinese wages are lower than in the US.

The company doesn't need to give that much money.

Although wages are rising, they are still lower than in the US.

This makes the cost of making cars lower.

Especially the people doing research.

BYD has many people doing research.

But the money spent on each person is relatively less.

So, this is also a reason why the cars are cheap.

Because labor is cheap, the cars are cheap.

The third big reason is quantity.

Quantity means "how much".

How many cars do you make?

This is a math problem.

If you only make one car, this car is very expensive.

You have to prepare many machines.

You have to prepare many factories.

Making only one is too wasteful.

But what if you make one million cars?

The machines are working every day.

The factories are open every day.

The more cars you make, the cheaper each car becomes.

This is a very simple principle.

China's market is very big.

China has many people.

Many people want to buy cars.

So BYD makes a very large number of cars.

They also sell a very large number of cars.

Because they make a lot, they are cheap.

Tesla also makes many cars.

But now BYD makes even more.

This gives BYD more of an advantage.

So, let's summarize.

Why are Chinese cars cheaper than American cars?

It is not because the cars are bad.

Nor is it mainly because the government gives money.

Although the government gave money, that is only a little bit.

There are three main reasons.

First, they make parts themselves, and make batteries themselves.

This is called vertical integration.

Making it yourself is cheaper than buying from others.

Second, their labor is cheap.

The wages of engineers and workers are lower than in the US.

This helps the company save a lot of money.

Third, they make many cars.

Because they make a lot, the cost is low.

This is why BYD is cheaper than Tesla.

This is actually a competition between two companies.

One is a Chinese company.

One is an American company.

Now, the Chinese company has lower prices.

The American company feels it is very difficult.

Because if the American company does not change, it will be hard to sell.

But changing is also difficult.

They cannot immediately make wages lower.

Nor can they immediately make all parts themselves.

So, this is a very difficult competition.

What we just talked about is actually a story about "electric cars".

Especially the story of BYD and Tesla.

If you want to buy a car, you will discover the prices are really different.

This is the secret behind the price.

I hope you are clear now.

This is not just a problem of money.

This is also a problem about how to do business.

It is also a problem about how to make things.

Listen again

Try it without the transcript and notice what sounds clearer.

What vocabulary does this episode teach?

词汇
piányicheap / inexpensive

Common adjective used to describe low prices. Opposite of 贵 (guì).

gōngsīcompany

A business organization. Measure word is 家 (jiā) or 个 (gè).

zìjǐoneself / own

Reflexive pronoun. Used here to emphasize doing something independently (自己做 - make it oneself).

cōngmingsmart / clever

Adjective describing intelligence.

nǔlìhardworking / to strive

Adjective or verb indicating putting in effort.

jiǎndānsimple

Adjective meaning uncomplicated.

bǐsàicompetition / match

Noun referring to a contest or rivalry.

yǒu yìsiinteresting

HSK 1-2. interesting.

diàndòngchēelectric car / EV

Specific vocabulary for electric vehicles.

diànchíbattery

Essential component for electronics and EVs.

língjiànparts / components

Refers to the pieces used to assemble a machine.

gōngchéngshīengineer

Professional title for someone who designs or builds engines, machines, or structures.

gōngchǎngfactory

Place where goods are manufactured.

gōngzīwages / salary

Money paid to an employee for work.

chéngběncost

Business term referring to the expense required to produce something.

* beyond level超纲词

What grammar patterns appear in this episode?

语法
A + 比 + B + Adjective↗

The basic comparison structure in Chinese. It means 'A is more [adjective] than B'.

比亚迪的车比特斯拉的车便宜很多。

中国的工资比美国低。

因为 ... 所以 ...↗

The standard cause-and-effect structure: 'Because [reason], therefore [result]'.

因为是自己做的,所以便宜。

因为做得多,所以成本低。

越 ... 越 ...↗

Indicates a progressive change: 'The more [action], the more [adjective/result]'.

你做的车越多,每一辆车就越便宜。

到底 + Question Word↗

Used in questions to add emphasis, meaning 'on earth' or 'after all'. It shows the speaker is probing for the core reason.

这到底是为什么呢?

是 ... 的↗

Used to emphasize a specific detail of a past event or a known fact (like the agent, method, or reason).

剩下的钱是因为别的原因。

只有几百块钱是因为政府。

Proper nouns

专有名词
中国ZhōngguóChina美国MěiguóUnited States比亚迪BǐyàdíBYD (Chinese auto manufacturer)特斯拉TèsīlāTesla (American auto manufacturer)

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