下面我们要说的是关于德国和中国之间买卖东西的事情。Next, we are going to talk about the buying and selling of things between Germany and China.
最近几天,有一个很重要的人来到了中国。In the last few days, a very important person came to China.
这个人来自德国。This person comes from Germany.
他是德国现在的领导人。He is the current leader of Germany.
他的名字叫默茨。His name is Merz.
他是坐飞机从德国飞到北京的。He flew from Germany to Beijing by plane.
他在北京见了很多中国的朋友。He met many Chinese friends in Beijing.
他也见了很多中国的领导。He also met many Chinese leaders.
比如中国的李强总理。For example, China's Premier Li Qiang.
他们在一起握手,在一起说话。They shook hands and spoke together.
大家可能会问,他为什么要来中国呢?Everyone might ask, why did he come to China?
是因为旅游吗?Is it for tourism?
不是为了旅游。It is not for tourism.
是因为想吃中国菜吗?Is it because he wants to eat Chinese food?
也不是为了吃中国菜。It is also not to eat Chinese food.
他是为了工作才来的。He came for work.
他来这里,是因为有一个很大的问题需要解决。He came here because there is a big problem that needs to be solved.
这个问题是关于钱的。This problem is about money.
也是关于买东西和卖东西的。It is also about buying things and selling things.
我们都知道,中国是一个很大的国家。We all know that China is a big country.
德国也是一个很重要的国家。Germany is also a very important country.
这两个国家都会做很多东西。Both of these countries can make many things.
比如说,他们都会做汽车。For example, they both make cars.
他们都会做机器。They both make machines.
他们也都会做衣服和电脑。They also both make clothes and computers.
以前,这两个国家互相买卖东西,非常高兴。Before, these two countries were very happy buying and selling things from each other.
你买我的东西,我买你的东西。You buy my things, I buy your things.
这叫作生意。This is called business.
做生意的时候,大家都希望是平等的。When doing business, everyone hopes it is equal.
但是现在,情况有点不一样了。But now, the situation is a little different.
现在的问题是,德国买中国的东西太多了。The problem now is that Germany buys too many things from China.
而中国买德国的东西太少了。And China buys too few things from Germany.
我们可以看一看去年的数字。We can take a look at last year's numbers.
这一年里,德国人给了中国很多钱。In this year, Germans gave China a lot of money.
因为他们买了很多中国的东西。Because they bought a lot of Chinese things.
但是,中国给德国的钱很少。However, the money China gave to Germany was very little.
德国买进来的东西,比卖出去的东西多了一倍。The things Germany bought in were double the things sold out.
这就像两个人做朋友。This is like two people being friends.
一个人总是给另一个人送礼物。One person always gives gifts to the other person.
但是另一个人很少回送礼物。But the other person rarely gives gifts back.
那个总是送礼物的人,就会不高兴。The person who always gives gifts will become unhappy.
现在的德国就是那个不高兴的人。The current Germany is that unhappy person.
德国人觉得,这样很不公平。Germans feel that this is very unfair.
他们的钱都去中国了。Their money has all gone to China.
但是没有钱回道德国来。But no money comes back to Germany.
如果一直这样下去,德国的公司就会没有钱。If it keeps going on like this, German companies will have no money.
如果没有钱,公司就不能开门了。If there is no money, companies cannot stay open.
如果公司不开门,工人就没有工作了。If companies do not stay open, workers will have no jobs.
所以,默茨先生非常担心。So, Mr. Merz is very worried.
他这次来北京,就是想说这件事。He came to Beijing this time just to talk about this matter.
他想告诉中国,我们需要改变一下。He wants to tell China, we need to make a change.
我们希望你们也能多买我们的东西。We hope you can also buy more of our things.
我们要说的一个具体的例子,就是汽车。A specific example we want to talk about is cars.
大家都知道,德国的汽车非常有名。Everyone knows that German cars are very famous.
以前,世界上很多人都想买德国的车。Before, many people in the world wanted to buy German cars.
德国的车虽然很贵,但是开起来很好。Although German cars are expensive, they drive very well.
很多德国人都在做汽车的公司工作。Many Germans work in car-making companies.
这是德国最重要的事情之一。This is one of the most important things for Germany.
但是现在,事情发生了变化。But now, things have changed.
现在,中国的汽车也做得很好。Now, Chinese cars are also made very well.
特别是用电的汽车。Especially electric cars.
这种车不用油,只用电。This kind of car does not use oil, only electricity.
中国做这种车做得很快。China makes this kind of car very fast.
而且,中国的车卖得很便宜。Moreover, Chinese cars are sold very cheaply.
因为很便宜,所以很多人都喜欢买。Because they are cheap, many people like to buy them.
在德国,人们也开始买中国的车了。In Germany, people have also started buying Chinese cars.
因为中国的车比德国的车便宜很多。Because Chinese cars are much cheaper than German cars.
这就让德国的做车公司很难过。This makes German car companies very sad.
他们的车卖不出去了。Their cars cannot be sold.
因为太贵了。Because they are too expensive.
为什么中国的车这么便宜呢?Why are Chinese cars so cheap?
德国人觉得,这可能有两个原因。Germans think there might be two reasons.
第一个原因,是因为中国做得快。The first reason is because China makes them fast.
第二个原因,德国人觉得中国政府给了钱。The second reason, Germans think the Chinese government gave money.
如果政府给公司钱,公司就可以把东西卖得便宜。If the government gives money to companies, companies can sell things cheaply.
这叫作帮助。This is called help.
但是德国人觉得,这种帮助太大了。But Germans feel this kind of help is too big.
这对别的国家的公司不公平。This is unfair to companies in other countries.
所以默茨先生想问问中国,这是真的吗?So Mr. Merz wants to ask China, is this true?
除了汽车,还有别的事情。Besides cars, there are other matters.
就是现在做东西的成本。It is the cost of making things now.
在欧洲,现在做东西很贵。In Europe, making things is very expensive now.
因为那边在打仗。Because there is a war going on there.
大家知道,俄罗斯和乌克兰在打仗。Everyone knows Russia and Ukraine are fighting a war.
因为打仗,很多东西都变贵了。Because of the war, many things have become expensive.
电变贵了,油也变贵了。Electricity has become expensive, and oil has become expensive too.
公司做东西需要电,也需要油。Companies need electricity and oil to make things.
所以德国的东西就变得更贵了。So German things have become even more expensive.
但是在中国,没有打仗。But in China, there is no war.
所以中国做东西没有那么贵。So making things in China is not that expensive.
这也是为什么中国的东西可以卖得便宜。This is also why Chinese things can be sold cheaply.
这让德国人觉得压力很大。This makes Germans feel a lot of pressure.
他们不知道怎么办。They don't know what to do.
如果加税,把中国的东西变贵,也不好。If taxes are increased to make Chinese things expensive, that is also not good.
因为大家都不希望发生这种事情。Because no one hopes for this kind of thing to happen.
如果真的这样做,可能大家都会不高兴。If this is really done, everyone might be unhappy.
所以,默茨先生觉得,最好的办法是说话。So, Mr. Merz feels the best way is to talk.
面对面地说话。Talk face to face.
他带了很多德国做生意的人一起来北京。He brought many German business people to Beijing with him.
这些做生意的人,有做车的,有做机器的。These business people include car makers and machine makers.
他们一起和中国人说话。They talk with Chinese people together.
他们希望找到一个好办法。They hope to find a good solution.
让两个国家的买卖变得更好。To make the trade between the two countries better.
默茨先生说,我们不想离开中国。Mr. Merz said, we do not want to leave China.
我们还想和中国做朋友。We still want to be friends with China.
但是我们需要一个公平的朋友关系。But we need a fair friendship relationship.
除了买卖东西,他还想说那个打仗的事情。Besides buying and selling things, he also wants to talk about the war.
他希望中国能帮忙。He hopes China can help.
因为中国和俄罗斯的关系不错。Because China's relationship with Russia is not bad.
他希望中国能告诉俄罗斯,不要再打仗了。He hopes China can tell Russia to stop fighting.
这也很重要。This is also very important.
但是,最重要的事情,还是钱的事情。However, the most important thing is still the money matter.
还是买卖不平衡的事情。It is still the matter of trade imbalance.
这就是这次访问的主要内容。This is the main content of this visit.
我们刚才说的这些,其实就是新闻里说的“贸易不平衡”。What we just said is actually what the news calls "trade imbalance".
在新闻里,这叫作“贸易逆差”。In the news, this is called "trade deficit".
意思就是一个国家买得太多,卖得太少。It means a country buys too much and sells too little.
新闻里提到的德国领导是弗里德里希·默茨。The German leader mentioned in the news is Friedrich Merz.
他和中国的李强总理见了面。He met with China's Premier Li Qiang.
他们讨论了汽车工业的问题。They discussed problems in the automobile industry.
也讨论了政府补贴的问题。They also discussed the problem of government subsidies.
补贴就是政府给公司钱。Subsidies mean the government gives money to companies.
德国担心中国的补贴太多,让比赛不公平。Germany worries that China's subsidies are too many, making the competition unfair.
这就是今天关于德国和中国的新闻。This is today's news about Germany and China.