借

借 (jiè) is a single verb that covers both 'to borrow' and 'to lend' in English — direction is encoded by the sentence pattern, not by the verb. 借 + person + thing = borrow FROM that person (我借他十块钱 = I borrowed ten yuan from him). 借给 + person + thing = lend TO that person (我借给他十块钱 = I lent him ten yuan). 把⋯⋯借给⋯⋯ makes the lending direction explicit.

This is one of the most confusing words for English speakers, because the same character flips meaning depending on who is the giver and who is the receiver. Context and word order are everything. Native speakers also add 用 (yòng) to clarify: 借用 = borrow to use briefly. Beyond the literal sense, 借 also means 'to use the occasion of' in 借机 (jièjī, take the opportunity) and 'by means of' in 借助 (jièzhù, with the help of).