从
from
cóng
What does 从 mean?
从 (cóng) is the preposition 'from' — used to mark the starting point of a movement, time, or action. The basic pattern is 从 + STARTING POINT + (VERB PHRASE): 我从北京来 ('I come from Beijing'), 从星期一开始 ('starting from Monday'), 从早到晚 ('from morning to night'). Two grammar points English speakers must internalize. First, 从 is almost always paired with another word that names the endpoint or direction: 从…到… ('from…to…'), 从…开始 ('starting from…'), 从…出发 ('depart from…'). Second, 从 always comes BEFORE the verb, never after: 我从中国来, never 我来从中国. The companion word 离 (lí) handles distance ('far from'), and 自 (zì) is the formal/literary equivalent of 从 (来自 'come from,' 自从 'ever since'). 从 also appears in the fixed expression 从来 ('ever / always') paired with 不/没 to mean 'never': 我从来不喝咖啡 ('I never drink coffee'). The character originally pictured one person following another — the 'follow / from' meaning came from that source-and-trail image.
Character breakdown
from; starting at; to follow
Memory hook: 从 = two 人 ('person') side by side, one following the other. The trail starts FROM the leader.
Example sentences
我从美国来。
Wǒ cóng Měiguó lái.
I come from America.
neutral
他从早到晚都在工作。
Tā cóng zǎo dào wǎn dōu zài gōngzuò.
He works from morning till night.
neutral
从这里到机场要多久?
Cóng zhèlǐ dào jīchǎng yào duō jiǔ?
How long does it take from here to the airport?
spoken
我从来不喝咖啡。
Wǒ cónglái bù hē kāfēi.
I never drink coffee.
neutral
从明天开始,我每天跑步。
Cóng míngtiān kāishǐ, wǒ měi tiān pǎobù.
Starting tomorrow, I'll run every day.
neutral
Common phrases with 从
Synonyms
自 is the formal / literary 'from,' used in fixed compounds: 来自 ('come from'), 自古 ('since ancient times'), 自从 ('ever since'). In everyday speech, 从 is the default. You'd say 我从美国来 in conversation but write 我来自美国 on a form.
由 also means 'from / by,' used for source or agent in formal contexts: 由我负责 ('I'm responsible'), 由北京出发 ('depart from Beijing,' written register). 从 is the everyday word; 由 is more formal or written.
Don't confuse 从 with
离 means 'distance from' — used with 远 ('far') and 近 ('close'): 我家离学校很近 ('my house is close to school'). 从 marks the starting point of motion. 离 measures gaps; 从 starts journeys.
在 means 'at / in / on' — locates something in a place. 从 marks movement FROM a place. 我在北京 ('I'm in Beijing') vs 我从北京来 ('I come from Beijing'). Different meaning entirely.
丛 (cóng) means 'cluster / thicket' (草丛 'grass cluster'). Same pinyin and tone as 从, but completely different character and meaning. Easy to mix up by ear, not by sight.